• The Science of Biology
• Themes and Concepts of Biology
• Final Assessment

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• Atoms, Isotopes, Ions, and Molecules: The Building Blocks  ← TRY ONE!
• Water
• Carbon
• Final Assessment

• Synthesis of Biological Macromolecules
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids
• Final Assessment

• Studying Cells
• Prokaryotic Cells
• Eukaryotic Cells
• The Endomembrane System and Proteins
• The Cytoskeleton  ← TRY ONE!
• Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities
• Final Assessment

• Components and Structure
• Passive Transport
• Active Transport
• Bulk Transport
• Final Assessment

• Energy and Metabolism
• Potential, Kinetic, Free, and Activation Energy
• The Laws of Thermodynamics
• ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate
• Enzymes
• Final Assessment

• Energy in Living Systems
• Glycolysis
• Oxidation of Pyruvate and the Citric Acid Cycle
• Oxidative Phosphorylation
• Metabolism without Oxygen
• Connections of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Lipid Metabolic Pathways
• Regulation of Cellular Respiration
• Final Assessment

• Overview of Photosynthesis
• The Light-Dependent Reactions of Photosynthesis
• Using Light Energy to Make Organic Molecules
• Final Assessment

• Signaling Molecules and Cellular Receptors
• Propagation of the Signal
• Response to the Signal  ← TRY ONE!
• Signaling in Single-Celled Organisms
• Final Assessment

• Cell Division
• The Cell Cycle
• Control of the Cell Cycle
• Cancer and the Cell Cycle
• Prokaryotic Cell Division
• Final Assessment

• The Process of Meiosis
• Sexual Reproduction
• Final Assessment

• Mendel’s Experiments and the Laws of Probability
• Characteristics and Traits  ← TRY ONE!
• Laws of Inheritance
• Final Assessment

• Chromosomal Theory and Genetic Linkage
• Chromosomal Basis of Inherited Disorders
• Final Assessment

• Historical Basis of Modern Understanding
• DNA Structure and Sequencing
• Basics of DNA Replication
• DNA Replication in Prokaryotes
• DNA Replication in Eukaryotes
• DNA Repair
• Final Assessment

• The Genetic Code
• Prokaryotic Transcription
• Eukaryotic Transcription
• RNA Processing in Eukaryotes
• Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
• Final Assessment

• Regulation of Gene Expression
• Prokaryotic Gene Regulation  ← TRY ONE!
• Eukaryotic Epigenetic Gene Regulation
• Eukaryotic Transcription Gene Regulation
• Eukaryotic Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation
• Eukaryotic Translational and Post-translational Gene Regulation
• Cancer and Gene Regulation
• Final Assessment

• Biotechnology
• Mapping Genomes
• Whole-Genome Sequencing
• Applying Genomics
• Genomics and Proteomics
• Final Assessment

• Understanding Evolution  ← TRY ONE!
• Formation of New Species
• Reconnection and Rates of Speciation
• Final Assessment

• Population Evolution
• Population Genetics
• Adaptive Evolution
• Final Assessment

• Organizing Life on Earth
• Determining Evolutionary Relationships
• Perspectives on the Phylogenetic Tree
• Final Assessment

• Viral Evolution, Morphology, and Classification
• Virus Infections and Hosts
• Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections
• Other Acellular Entities: Prions and Viroids
• Final Assessment

• Prokaryotic Diversity
• Structure of Prokaryotes  ← TRY ONE!
• Prokaryotic Metabolism
• Bacterial Diseases in Humans
• Beneficial Prokaryotes
• Final Assessment

• The Plant Body
• Stems
• Roots
• Leaves  ← TRY ONE!
• Transport of Water and Solutes in Plants
• Plant Sensory Systems and Responses
• Final Assessment

• Animal Form and Function
• Animal Primary Tissues
• Homeostasis
• Final Assessment

• Digestive Systems
• Nutrition and Energy Production
• Digestive System Processes
• Digestive System Regulation
• Final Assessment

• Neurons and Glial Cells
• How Neurons Communicate
• The Central Nervous System
• The Peripheral Nervous System
• Nervous System Disorders  ← TRY ONE!
• Final Assessment

• Sensory Processes
• Somatosensation
• Taste and Smell
• Hearing and Vestibular Sensation
• Vision
• Final Assessment

• Types of Hormones
• How Hormones Work
• Regulation of Body Processes
• Regulation of Hormone Production
• Endocrine Glands
• Final Assessment

• Types of Skeletal Systems
• Bone
• Joints and Skeletal Movement  ← TRY ONE!
• Muscle Contraction and Locomotion
• Final Assessment

• Systems of Gas Exchange
• Gas Exchange across Respiratory Surfaces
• Breathing
• Transport of Gases in Human Bodily Fluids
• Final Assessment

• Overview of the Circulatory System
• Components of the Blood
• Mammalian Heart and Blood Vessels
• Blood Flow and Blood Pressure Regulation
• Final Assessment

• Osmoregulation and Osmotic Balance
• The Kidneys and Osmoregulatory Organs
• Excretion Systems
• Nitrogenous Wastes
• Hormonal Control of Osmoregulatory Functions
• Final Assessment

• Innate Immune Response
• Adaptive Immune Response
• Antibodies
• Disruptions in the Immune System
• Final Assessment

• Reproduction Methods
• Fertilization
• Human Reproductive Anatomy and Gametogenesis
• Hormonal Control of Human Reproduction  ← TRY ONE!
• Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development
• Organogenesis and Vertebrate Formation
• Human Pregnancy and Birth
• Final Assessment

• The Scope of Ecology
• Biogeography
• Terrestrial Biomes
• Aquatic Biomes
• Climate and the Effects of Global Climate Change
• Final Assessment

• Population Demography
• Life Histories and Natural Selection
• Environmental Limits to Population Growth
• Population Dynamics and Regulation
• Human Population Growth
• Community Ecology
• Behavioral Biology: Proximate and Ultimate Causes of Behavior
• Final Assessment

• Ecology of Ecosystems
• Energy Flow through Ecosystems  ← TRY ONE!
• Biogeochemical Cycles
• Final Assessment

• The Biodiversity Crisis
• The Importance of Biodiversity to Human Life
• Threats to Biodiversity
• Preserving Biodiversity
• Final Assessment